Paraphrase against Original in Writing

 By: TOEFL consultant

How to avoid plagiarizing? Here, some tips may help you.

1.      Synonyms

Unfamiliar words can be substituted by synonyms. Also, you have to make a different structure without ignoring the original meaning.

Each person must pay his/her dreams by efforts. (Original)

Every human must effort to reach his/her dreams. (Unacceptable paraphrase)

Someone must try to make his/her dreams come true with big struggles. (Acceptable paraphrase)

2.      Pragmatics

You have to focus on practical results. Here, the point is the implication of the effect of the sentence meaning. Don’t miss all the original information although you write the structure with paraphrase.

3.      Recheck

If you finish your paraphrase, you have to recheck or compare it with the original. One or two words for each idea are good enough but not similarities in structures with the original.

4.      Source's name

At the end of the essay, you have to put the source where you cite or the name who is the original writer.

Here, we give the original essay regarding as an example.

Universities

Universities, people study to get graduation degrees, play three point roles. First, university in where lectures teach develops much science to students. As a consequence, it is suitable for improving scientific knowledge. For example, Oxford University in England or Harvard University in The United States leads to modern universities. Another important point of university is its usefulness to industries producing goods like cars, robots, or else and companies offering services like consulting, delivering, or shipping. The last point of its roles is creating social and cultural people’s life better. In brief, university is an agent not only for its lectures and students but also for its society.

The paraphrase method of that text is applied.

Universities

There are three important reasons why universities are needed. First, universities encourage lectures and students to study scientific knowledge. Second, universities offer educated workers to companies and services. The last, universities create social and cultural correlations in better living. In conclusion, without universities, the human life can be stagnant.

The summary approach of that text is permitted.

Universities

Universities have three important subjects. First, they improve scientific knowledge. Second, they supply educated employees for industry. Finally, universities give social and cultural life better.

References

Oshima, Alice and Ann Hogue. 1999. Writing Academic English: Third Edition. Pearson Education: New York.