Philosophy of The Transformation in Writing An Essays

 By: TOEFL consultant

Transformations is a process to transform one constituent allowing a position in a sentence (S) into other target positions under the same principal sentence. 

            A transformational rule is one of the syntactic structures (Alwasilah, 1985:92). Moreover, it consists of some constituents. According to Jacobs and Rosenbaum (1968:15), constituents are groups of a structured string whose words fall into natural structures.
Besides, they must fulfill the external and internal syntactic requirements in a larger construction like a complement clause attaching to the independent one (Baker, 1989:30).

            Jacobs and Rosenbaum (1968:19) state that transformations take the meaning of a sentence to be formed as a structure modifying the expressing complete thoughts. Furthermore, according to Chomsky (1969:26) and Alwasilah (1985:92), the sentence contains noun and verb phrases.

            According to other linguists (Radford, 1992, and Jacobs and Rosenbaum, 1968), the transformation has been more extensive studies. Radford (1992:538) writes that there are two structures in each sentence, namely a deep structure (D-structure) and surface structure (S-structure). According to Jacobs and Rosenbaum, all sentences of human languages have both the deep and surface structures. Moreover, the structure of the former carries the meaning of a sentence, and the structure of the latter takes the form of it (1968:17).

 References

Alwasilah, A. Chaedar. 1985. Beberapa Madhab dan Dikotomi Teori Linguistik. Bandung: Angkasa.

Baker, C., L. 1989. English Syntax. London: The MIT Press.

Chomsky, Noam. 1969.  Syntactic Structure. Paris : Mouton.

Jacobs, Roderick A. and Peter S. Rosenbaum. 1968. English Transformational Grammar. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.

  

Radford, Andrew. 1992. Transformational Grammar: A First Course. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.